[ICCV 2021 Oral] Just Ask: Learning to Answer Questions from Millions of Narrated Videos

Overview

Just Ask: Learning to Answer Questions from Millions of Narrated Videos

WebpageDemoPaper

PWC PWC PWC PWC PWC

This repository provides the code for our paper, including:

  • Data downloading instructions, including our released iVQA and HowToVQA69M datasets
  • Data preprocessing and feature extraction scripts, as well as preprocessed data and features
  • VideoQA automatic generation pipeline
  • Training scripts and pretrained checkpoints, both for pretraining and downstream VideoQA datasets
  • Evaluation scripts

Paths and Requirements

Fill the empty paths in the file global_parameters.py.

To install requirements, run:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Quick Start

If you wish to start VideoQA training or inference quickly.

For downstream datasets

To download pretrained checkpoints, pre-processed data and features, run:

bash download/download_checkpoints.sh <DEFAULT_CKPT_DIR>
bash download/download_downstream.sh <DEFAULT_DATASET_DIR>

This requires having about 8Gb free in DEFAULT_CKPT_DIR and 3.6Gb free in DEFAULT_DATASET_DIR.

For HowToVQA69M Pretraining

If you want to reproduce the pretraining, download HowToVQA69M:

bash download/download_howtovqa.sh <DEFAULT_DATASET_DIR>

This requires having about 6Gb free in DEFAULT_DATASET_DIR. You will also need to download features for videos from HowTo100M from the data providers in HOWTO_FEATURES_PATH.

Long Start

If you wish to reproduce the data preprocessing, video feature extraction or HowToVQA69M generation procedure.

Download Raw Data

Click for details...

The following folders should be created in DEFAULT_DATASET_DIR, and should also contain a video subfolder containing the videos downloaded from each dataset.

HowToVQA69M: We provide the HowToVQA69M dataset at this link. The HowToVQA69M folder should contain howtovqa.pkl, train_howtovqa.csv and val_howtovqa.csv.

iVQA: We provide the iVQA dataset at this link. The iVQA folder should contain train.csv, val.csv and test.csv.

MSRVTT-QA: Download it from the data providers. The MSRVTT-QA folder should contain train_qa.json, val_qa.json, test_qa.json, and also train_val_videodatainfo.json and test_videodatainfo.json. The two last files are from the MSR-VTT dataset, and are used to filter out video IDs in HowTo100M that are in the validation and test sets of MSRVTT-QA.

MSVD-QA: Download it from the data providers. The MSVD-QA folder should contain train_qa.json, val_qa.json, test_qa.json and youtube_mapping.txt. The last file is used to filter out videos IDs in HowTo100M that are in the validation and test sets of MSVD-QA.

ActivityNet-QA: Download it from the data providers. The ActivityNet-QA folder should contain train_q.json, train_a.json, val_q.json, val_a.json, test_q.json and test_a.json.

How2QA: Download it from the data providers. The How2QA folder should contain how2QA_train_release.csv and how2QA_val_release.csv.

HowTo100M: Download it from the data providers. The HowTo100M folder should contain caption_howto100m_with_stopwords.pkl and s3d_features.csv. Note that for the VQA-T pretraining on HowTo100M baseline, we also do zero-shot validation on YouCook2 and MSR-VTT video retrieval. We followed MIL-NCE for the preprocessing of these datasets. You should have in the YouCook2 folder a pickle file with processed data and features youcook_unpooled_val.pkl, and in the MSR-VTT folder a file of processed data MSRVTT_JSFUSION_test.csv and a file of features msrvtt_test_unpooled_s3d_features.pth.

Data Preprocessing

Click for details...

VideoQA: To process data for each VideoQA dataset, use:

python preproc/preproc_ivqa.py
python preproc/preproc_msrvttqa.py
python preproc/preproc_msvdqa.py
python preproc/preproc_activitynetqa.py
python preproc/preproc_how2qa.py

This will save train, validation and test dataframe files (train.csv, val.csv, test.csv), and the vocabulary map (vocab.json) in the open-ended setting, in each dataset folder. Note that the How2QA preprocessing script should be used after feature extraction (see below) and will also merge features into one file.

HowTo100M: To preprocess HowTo100M by removing potential intersection with the validation and test sets of VideoQA datasets, and removing repetition in the ASR data, use:

python preproc/howto100m_remove_intersec.py
python preproc/howto100m_remove_repet.py

This will save caption_howto100m_sw_nointersec.pickle, caption_howto100m_sw_nointersec_norepeat.pickle and s3d_features_nointersec.csv in HOWTO_PATH.

Extract video features

Click for details...

We provide in the extract folder the code to extract features with the S3D feature extractor. It requires downloading the S3D model weights available at this repository. The s3d_howto100m.pth checkpoint and s3d_dict.npy dictionary should be in DEFAULT_MODEL_DIR.

Extraction: You should prepare for each dataset a csv with columns video_path (typically in the form of <dataset_path>/video/<video_path>), and feature_path (typically in the form of <dataset_path>/features/<video_path>.npy). Then use (you may launch this script on multiple GPUs to fasten the extraction process):

python extract/extract.py --csv <csv_path>

Merging: To merge the extracted features into a single file for each VideoQA dataset, use (for ActivityNet-QA that contains long videos, add --pad 120):

python extract/merge_features.py --folder <features_path> \
--output_path <DEFAULT_DATASET_DIR>/s3d.pth --dataset <dataset>

For HowTo100M, the features should be stored in HOWTO_FEATURES_PATH, one file per video. SSD_PATH should preferably on a SSD disk for optimized on-the-fly reading operation time during pretraining.

HowToVQA69M Generation

Click for details...

This requires downloading the pretrained BRNN model weights from Punctuator2. The INTERSPEECH-T-BRNN.pcl file should be in DEFAULT_MODEL_DIR.

Punctuating: First, we punctuate the speech data at the video level and split the video into clips temporally aligned with infered sentences (you may launch this script on multiple CPUs to fasten the process):

python videoqa_generation/punctuate.py

Merging infered speech sentences: Second, we merge the punctuated data into one file:

python videoqa_generation/merge_punctuations.py

Extracting answers: Third, we extract answers from speech transcripts. This requires having cloned this repository in QG_REPO_DIR. Then use (you may launch this script on multiple GPUs to fasten the process):

python videoqa_generation/extract_answers.py

Merging extracted answers: Fourth, we merge the extracted answers into one file:

python videoqa_generation/merge_answers.py

Generating questions: Fifth, we generate questions pairs from speech and extracted answers. Use (you may launch this script on multiple GPUs to fasten the process):

python videoqa_generation/generate_questions.py

Merging generated question-answer pairs: Finally, we merge the generated question-answer pairs into one file (this will save howtovqa.pkl, train_howtovqa.csv and val_howtovqa.csv):

python videoqa_generation/merge_qas.py

Training

Pretraining

DistilBERT tokenizer and model checkpoints will be automatically downloaded from Hugging Face in DEFAULT_MODEL_DIR/transformers.

Training VQA-T on HowToVQA69M: To train on HowToVQA69M with contrastive loss and MLM loss (it takes less than 48H on 8 NVIDIA Tesla V100), run:

python main_howtovqa.py --dataset="howtovqa" --epochs=10 --checkpoint_dir="pthowtovqa" \
--batch_size=128 --batch_size_val=256 --n_pair=32 --freq_display=10

Note that it runs a validation once per epoch, which consists in retrieving answer within the batch, given video and question.

Baselines: The pretraining of QA-T on HowToVQA69M is done with the previous command complemented with --baseline qa. To train VQA-T on HowTo100M with MLM and cross-modal matching objectives (it takes less than 2 days on 8 NVIDIA Tesla V100), run:

python main_htm.py --dataset="howto100m" --epochs=10 --checkpoint_dir="pthtm" \ 
--batch_size=128 --batch_size_val=3500 --n_pair=32 --freq_display=10

Note that the previous command runs a zero-shot video retrieval validation on YouCook2 and MSR-VTT once per epoch.

Training on downstream VideoQA datasets

Finetuning: To finetune a pretrained model on a downstream VideoQA dataset (for MSRVTT-QA, which is the largest downstream dataset, it takes less than 4 hours on 4 NVIDIA Tesla V100), run:

python main_videoqa.py --checkpoint_dir=ft<dataset> --dataset=<dataset> --lr=0.00001 \ 
--pretrain_path=<CKPT_PATH>

Training from scratch: VQA-T trained from scratch is simply obtained by running the previous script with no pretrain_path set.

Available checkpoints

Training data iVQA MSRVTT-QA MSVD-QA ActivityNet-QA How2QA url size
HowToVQA69M 12.2 2.9 7.5 12.2 51.1 Drive 600MB
HowToVQA69M + iVQA 35.4 Drive 600MB
HowToVQA69M + MSRVTT-QA 41.5 Drive 600MB
HowToVQA69M + MSVD-QA 43.6 Drive 600MB
HowToVQA69M + ActivityNet-QA 38.9 Drive 600MB
HowToVQA69M + How2QA 84.4 Drive 600MB

Inference

Evaluating on downstream VideoQA datasets

VQA-T To evaluate VQA-T on a downstream VideoQA dataset, run (for zero-shot VideoQA, simply use the checkpoint trained on HowToVQA69M only):

python main_videoqa.py --checkpoint_dir=ft<dataset> --dataset=<dataset> \ 
--pretrain_path=<CKPT_PATH> --test 1

Baselines In the case of QA-T, use the command above with the corresponding checkpoint and add --baseline qa. In the case of Zero-Shot VideoQA for VQA-T pretrained on HowTo100M, run:

python eval_videoqa_cm.py --checkpoint_dir=pthtmzeroshot<dataset> --dataset=<dataset> \ 
--pretrain_path=<CKPT_PATH>

Detailed evaluation

Using a trained checkpoint, to perform evaluation segmented per question type and answer quartile, use:

python eval_videoqa.py --dataset <dataset> --pretrain_path <CKPT_PATH>

VideoQA Demo

Using a trained checkpoint, you can also run a VideoQA example with a video file of your choice, and the question of your choice. For that, use (the dataset indicated here is only used for the definition of the answer vocabulary):

python demo_videoqa.py --dataset <dataset> --pretrain_path <CKPT_PATH> \ 
--question_example <question> --video_example <video_path>

Note that we also host an online demo at this link.

Misc.

In the folder misc, you can find a notebook with code for the plots and data statistics showed in the paper.

You can also find there the html code used for iVQA data collection on Amazon Mechanical Turk.

Moreover, you can find the manually evaluated samples from generated data at this link.

Finally, you can find the html and python code for the online demo.

Acknowledgements

The video feature extraction code is inspired by this repository. The model implementation of our multi-modal transformer (as well as the masked language modeling setup) is inspired by Hugging Face. The comparison with Heilman et al was done using the original Java implementation.

Citation

If you found this work useful, consider giving this repository a star and citing our paper as followed:

@InProceedings{Yang_2021_ICCV,
    author    = {Yang, Antoine and Miech, Antoine and Sivic, Josef and Laptev, Ivan and Schmid, Cordelia},
    title     = {Just Ask: Learning To Answer Questions From Millions of Narrated Videos},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)},
    month     = {October},
    year      = {2021},
    pages     = {1686-1697}
}
Owner
Antoine Yang
PhD Student in Computer Vision and Machine Learning, focusing on learning multimodal video representations using vision and language
Antoine Yang
2021搜狐校园文本匹配算法大赛 分比我们低的都是帅哥队

sohu_text_matching 2021搜狐校园文本匹配算法大赛Top2:分比我们低的都是帅哥队 本repo包含了本次大赛决赛环节提交的代码文件及答辩PPT,提交的模型文件可在百度网盘获取(链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1T9FtwiGFZhuC8qqwXKZSNA ,

hflserdaniel 43 Oct 01, 2022
A Moonraker plug-in for real-time compensation of frame thermal expansion

Frame Expansion Compensation A Moonraker plug-in for real-time compensation of frame thermal expansion. Installation Credit to protoloft, from whom I

58 Jan 02, 2023
Official implementation of FCL-taco2: Fast, Controllable and Lightweight version of Tacotron2 @ ICASSP 2021

FCL-Taco2: Towards Fast, Controllable and Lightweight Text-to-Speech synthesis (ICASSP 2021) Paper | Demo Block diagram of FCL-taco2, where the decode

Disong Wang 39 Sep 28, 2022
Sionna: An Open-Source Library for Next-Generation Physical Layer Research

Sionna: An Open-Source Library for Next-Generation Physical Layer Research Sionna™ is an open-source Python library for link-level simulations of digi

NVIDIA Research Projects 313 Dec 22, 2022
DC3: A Learning Method for Optimization with Hard Constraints

DC3: A learning method for optimization with hard constraints This repository is by Priya L. Donti, David Rolnick, and J. Zico Kolter and contains the

CMU Locus Lab 57 Dec 26, 2022
PyTorch reimplementation of minimal-hand (CVPR2020)

Minimal Hand Pytorch Unofficial PyTorch reimplementation of minimal-hand (CVPR2020). you can also find in youtube or bilibili bare hand youtube or bil

Hao Meng 228 Dec 29, 2022
FIGARO: Generating Symbolic Music with Fine-Grained Artistic Control

FIGARO: Generating Symbolic Music with Fine-Grained Artistic Control by Dimitri von Rütte, Luca Biggio, Yannic Kilcher, Thomas Hofmann FIGARO: Generat

Dimitri 83 Jan 07, 2023
This repo is a PyTorch implementation for Paper "Unsupervised Learning for Cuboid Shape Abstraction via Joint Segmentation from Point Clouds"

Unsupervised Learning for Cuboid Shape Abstraction via Joint Segmentation from Point Clouds This repository is a PyTorch implementation for paper: Uns

Kaizhi Yang 42 Dec 09, 2022
ConE: Cone Embeddings for Multi-Hop Reasoning over Knowledge Graphs

ConE: Cone Embeddings for Multi-Hop Reasoning over Knowledge Graphs This is the code of paper ConE: Cone Embeddings for Multi-Hop Reasoning over Knowl

MIRA Lab 33 Dec 07, 2022
Fast and customizable reconnaissance workflow tool based on simple YAML based DSL.

Fast and customizable reconnaissance workflow tool based on simple YAML based DSL, with support of notifications and distributed workload of that work

Américo Júnior 3 Mar 11, 2022
This repository accompanies the ACM TOIS paper "What can I cook with these ingredients?" - Understanding cooking-related information needs in conversational search

In this repository you find data that has been gathered when conducting in-situ experiments in a conversational cooking setting. These data include tr

6 Sep 22, 2022
Open-Set Recognition: A Good Closed-Set Classifier is All You Need

Open-Set Recognition: A Good Closed-Set Classifier is All You Need Code for our paper: "Open-Set Recognition: A Good Closed-Set Classifier is All You

194 Jan 03, 2023
Research code for CVPR 2021 paper "End-to-End Human Pose and Mesh Reconstruction with Transformers"

MeshTransformer ✨ This is our research code of End-to-End Human Pose and Mesh Reconstruction with Transformers. MEsh TRansfOrmer is a simple yet effec

Microsoft 473 Dec 31, 2022
Adversarial Framework for (non-) Parametric Image Stylisation Mosaics

Fully Adversarial Mosaics (FAMOS) Pytorch implementation of the paper "Copy the Old or Paint Anew? An Adversarial Framework for (non-) Parametric Imag

Zalando Research 120 Dec 24, 2022
Apache Flink

Apache Flink Apache Flink is an open source stream processing framework with powerful stream- and batch-processing capabilities. Learn more about Flin

The Apache Software Foundation 20.4k Dec 30, 2022
Python Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning framework

- Please pay attention to the version of SC2 you are using for your experiments. - Performance is *not* always comparable between versions. - The re

whirl 1.3k Jan 05, 2023
Group Fisher Pruning for Practical Network Compression(ICML2021)

Group Fisher Pruning for Practical Network Compression (ICML2021) By Liyang Liu*, Shilong Zhang*, Zhanghui Kuang, Jing-Hao Xue, Aojun Zhou, Xinjiang W

Shilong Zhang 129 Dec 13, 2022
Benchmark for Answering Existential First Order Queries with Single Free Variable

EFO-1-QA Benchmark for First Order Query Estimation on Knowledge Graphs This repository contains an entire pipeline for the EFO-1-QA benchmark. EFO-1

HKUST-KnowComp 14 Oct 24, 2022
[AAAI22] Reliable Propagation-Correction Modulation for Video Object Segmentation

Reliable Propagation-Correction Modulation for Video Object Segmentation (AAAI22) Preview version paper of this work is available at: https://arxiv.or

Xiaohao Xu 70 Dec 04, 2022
Tensorflow/Keras Plug-N-Play Deep Learning Models Compilation

DeepBay This project was created with the objective of compile Machine Learning Architectures created using Tensorflow or Keras. The architectures mus

Whitman Bohorquez 4 Sep 26, 2022