PHP executes shell script

original text ：https://blog.csdn.net/zhangsheng_1992/article/details/52805760 

php As a server-side scripting language , You can also call system commands , This includes execution shell Script

To write test.sh The script is as follows

#! /bin/sh

mkdir /www/a

It's a very simple one shell Script Create a folder

php The script is as follows

system('/usr/bin/test.sh')

Before running The first thing to verify

1.test.sh Whether the script has executable permission

2.apache nginx phttp etc. web Whether the server has test.sh Authority

3. Because it is the command to synchronize files Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the user has write permission to the directory to be downloaded

4. Because I use php Version higher than 5.4, The security mode has been deleted , There is no such thing as running in safe mode

5. Please use the absolute path for the executed script That's important

however    After actual operation    I found the output faild   It indicates that the script did not execute successfully    Check the reason    Because apache The user does not have the permission to execute some directories ( No user has no user's executable directory , Your script needs to be in this directory )    Switching directory ownership is easy to cause security problems    stay linux Next root Users are not subject to this restriction therefore Temporarily allow users to switch to root jurisdiction It can simply avoid such problems    How to operate ？

First View your apache Users or nginx php-fpm user

have access to ps -ef  | grep httpd Order to see    Others in the same way

After checking my apache The user is _www user

then visudo    perhaps vim /etc/sudoers find

## Allow root to run any commands anywhere 

root    ALL=(ALL)       ALL This business Add

_www ALL=(root)  NOPASSWD:ALL
The first column is users    The second is the user who can switch to I wrote here root   If you want to switch freely, you can write here All   The third is the executable script path ALL Express all

Last restart apache Let users regain permissions

modify php Script

system('sudo /usr/bin/test.sh')

function Successful implementation ～～～