convert a dict-list object from / to a typed object(class instance with type annotation)

Overview

objtyping 带类型定义的对象转换器

由来

Python不是强类型语言,开发人员没有给数据定义类型的习惯。这样虽然灵活,但处理复杂业务逻辑的时候却不够方便——缺乏类型检查可能导致很难发现错误,在IDE里编码时也没有代码提示。所以开发了这个小工具来解决它。

基本用法

  • 首先定义业务类,并通过类变量定义每个字段的类型。
from typing import List


class Person:
    name: str
    age: int


class Company:
    name: str
    revenue: float
    employees: List[Person]

之所以选择类变量来定义,是因为它最简洁和直观。相比之下,如果在__init__方法中初始化实例变量,是没有办法获取类型定义(type_hint)的;如果用@property注解或者getter,setter方法的话,显然就更复杂了。它们都不如直接定义类变量简单优美。不过使用类变量也有缺点:就是它在这里被当成元数据来使用了,如果真的需要定义类级别共享的变量,无法区分。这个问题可以在后面通过开发自定义注解来解决。

  • 下一步就可以把符合这个类定义结构的dict-list嵌套数据,转化为该类实例对象了:
from objtyping import objtyping

company1 = objtyping.from_dict_list({
    'name': 'Apple',
    'revenue': 18.5,
    'employees': [{
        'name': 'Tom',
        'age': 20
    }, {
        'name': 'Jerry',
        'age': 31
    }]
}, Company)

此时的company1就是完整的Company对象了, 可以直接使用company1.name, company1.employees[0].name 等形式访问里面的属性。

  • 当然也可以把业务对象再转回dict-list嵌套的形式
from objtyping import objtyping

dict_list = objtyping.to_dict_list(company1)

此时的dict_list对象,就是一大堆dict和list层级嵌套的原始类型数据

使用场景

初始化对象

Python没有js那么方便的初始化对象方式,但有这个工具就可以这样写(就是前面基础使用的汇总):

from typing import List

from objtyping import objtyping


class Person:
    name: str
    age: int


class Company:
    name: str
    revenue: float
    employees: List[Person]

    def __str__(self):  # 其实一般可能都是这样简单用一下的
        return "'{}' has {} employees: {}".format(self.name, len(self.employees), ' and '.join(map(lambda emp: emp.name, self.employees)))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    company1 = objtyping.from_dict_list({
        'name': 'Apple',
        'revenue': 18.5,
        'employees': [{
            'name': 'Tom',
            'age': 20
        }, {
            'name': 'Jerry',
            'age': 31
        }]
    }, Company)

    print(company1)

输出结果:

'Apple' has 2 employees: Tom and Jerry

序列化/反序列化

Python的常见的序列化需求,包括json和yaml数据格式,它们都有相对完善的处理库。但同样是不强调类型的缘故,它们处理的对象都是原始的dict-list格式。正好可以借助这个工具实现进一步转化。

json

示例

import json
import sys
from typing import List

from objtyping import objtyping


class X:
    x: int
    y: str


class A:
    q: str
    a: str
    b: int
    c: List[X]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("\r\n-----json-------")
    json_obj = json.loads('{"q":9, "a":"Mark", "b":3, "c":[{"x":15, "y":"male"},{"x":9, "y":"female", "z":13}]}')
    typed_obj = objtyping.from_dict_list(json_obj, A)
    d_l_obj = objtyping.to_dict_list(typed_obj)
    print(json.dumps(d_l_obj))

    sys.exit()

输出结果

-----json-------
{"q": "9", "a": "Mark", "b": 3, "c": [{"x": 15, "y": "male"}, {"x": 9, "y": "female", "z": 13}]}

这里需要注意的是:本来属性"q",在最初的json结构中,是个数字,但由于类变量定义中是字符串,转换成业务对象以后,它的类型就是字符串了——objtyping工具,会试图按照类定义,在基础类型之间强制转换。

yaml

示例

import sys
from ruamel.yaml import YAML
from typing import List
from objtyping import objtyping


class X:
    x: int
    y: str


class A:
    q: str
    a: str
    b: int
    c: List[X]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("\r\n-----yaml-------")
    yaml = YAML()
    yaml_obj = yaml.load('''
    q: 9
    a: Mark
    b: 3
    c:
        - x: 15
          y: male
        - x: 9
          y: female
          z: 13    
    ''')
    typed_obj = objtyping.from_dict_list(yaml_obj, A)
    d_l_obj = objtyping.to_dict_list(typed_obj)
    yaml.dump(d_l_obj, sys.stdout)

    sys.exit()

输出结果

-----yaml-------
q: '9'
a: Mark
b: 3
c:
- x: 15
  y: male
- x: 9
  y: female
  z: 13

这里的属性"q"同样被强转了类型。

Owner
Song Hui
Song Hui
Cleaning-utils - a collection of small Python functions and classes which make cleaning pipelines shorter and easier

cleaning-utils [] [] [] cleaning-utils is a collection of small Python functions

4 Aug 31, 2022
A Python package for floating-point binary fractions. Do math in base 2!

An implementation of a floating-point binary fractions class and module in Python. Work with binary fractions and binary floats with ease!

10 Oct 29, 2022
An online streamlit development platform

streamlit-playground An online streamlit development platform Run, Experiment and Play with streamlit Components Develop full-fledged apps online All

Akshansh Kumar 3 Nov 06, 2021
Fcpy: A Python package for high performance, fast convergence and high precision numerical fractional calculus computing.

Fcpy: A Python package for high performance, fast convergence and high precision numerical fractional calculus computing.

SciFracX 1 Mar 23, 2022
Experimental python optimistic rollup fraud-proof generation

Macula Experimental python optimistic rollup fraud-proof generation tech by @protolambda. Working on a python version for brevity and simplicity. See

Diederik Loerakker 30 Sep 01, 2022
A python app which aggregates and splits costs from multiple public cloud providers into a csv

Cloud Billing This project aggregates the costs public cloud resources by accounts, services and tags by importing the invoices from public cloud prov

1 Oct 04, 2022
A collection of resources/tools and analyses for the angr binary analysis framework.

Awesome angr A collection of resources/tools and analyses for the angr binary analysis framework. This page does not only collect links and external r

105 Jan 02, 2023
Control-Alt-Delete - Help Tux Escape Beastie's Jail!

Control-Alt-Delete Help Tux escape Beastie's jail by completing the following challenges! Challenges Challenge 00: Drinks: Tux needs to drink less. Ch

NDLUG 8 Oct 31, 2021
Simple code to generate a password for your account!

Password-Generator Simple code to generate a password for your account! Password Generator for passwords for your accounts or anything else! This code

DEEM 1 Jun 05, 2022
A small python tool to get relevant values from SRI invoices

SriInvoiceProcessing A small python tool to get relevant values from SRI invoices Some useful info to run the tool Login into your SRI account and ret

Wladymir Brborich 2 Jan 07, 2022
Writing Alfred copy/paste scripts in Python

Writing Alfred copy/paste scripts in Python This repository shows how to create Alfred scripts in Python. It assumes that you using pyenv for Python v

Will Fitzgerald 2 Oct 26, 2021
ticktock is a minimalist library to view Python time performance of Python code.

ticktock is a minimalist library to view Python time performance of Python code.

Victor Benichoux 30 Sep 28, 2022
This code renames subtitle file names to your video files names, so you don't need to rename them manually.

Rename Subtitle This code renames your subtitle file names to your video file names so you don't need to do it manually Note: It only works for series

Mostafa Kazemi 4 Sep 12, 2021
NetConfParser is a tool that helps you analyze the rpcs coming and going from a netconf client to a server

NetConfParser is a tool that helps you analyze the rpcs coming and going from a netconf client to a server

Aero 1 Mar 31, 2022
🦩 A Python tool to create comment-free Jupyter notebooks.

Pelikan Pelikan lets you convert notebooks to comment-free notebooks. In other words, It removes Python block and inline comments from source cells in

Hakan Özler 7 Nov 20, 2021
A Program that generates and checks Stripe keys 24x7.

A Program that generates and checks Stripe keys 24x7. This was made only for Educational Purposes, I'm not responsible for the damages cause by you

iNaveen 18 Dec 17, 2022
This two python programs can convert km to miles and miles to km

km-to-miles These two little python programs can convert kilometers to miles and miles to kilometers Needed Python3 or a online python compiler with t

Chandula Janith 3 Jan 30, 2022
Audio Steganography is a technique used to transmit hidden information by modifying an audio signal in an imperceptible manner.

Audio Steganography Audio Steganography is a technique used to transmit hidden information by modifying an audio signal in an imperceptible manner. Ab

Karan Yuvraj Singh 1 Oct 17, 2021
Backman is a random/fixed background image setter for wlroots based compositors

backman Backman is a random/fixed background image setter for wlroots based compositors Dependencies: The program depends on swaybg, python3-toml (or

Hemish 3 Mar 09, 2022
Create powerful passwords easily and with many options with this program

Password_Generator About the Program: You can create powerful passwords with this program with many options easily! Features: You can copy the generat

Sina.f 0 Jul 14, 2022