pyenv-virtualenv
pyenv-virtualenv is a pyenv plugin that provides features to manage virtualenvs and conda environments for Python on UNIX-like systems.
(NOTICE: If you are an existing user of virtualenvwrapper and you love it, pyenv-virtualenvwrapper may help you (additionally) to manage your virtualenvs.)
Installation
Installing as a pyenv plugin
This will install the latest development version of pyenv-virtualenv into the $(pyenv root)/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv directory.
Important note: If you installed pyenv into a non-standard directory, make sure that you clone this repo into the 'plugins' directory of wherever you installed into.
From inside that directory you can:
- Check out a specific release tag.
- Get the latest development release by running
git pullto download the latest changes.
-
Check out pyenv-virtualenv into plugin directory
$ git clone https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-virtualenv.git $(pyenv root)/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv -
(OPTIONAL) Add
pyenv virtualenv-initto your shell to enable auto-activation of virtualenvs. This is entirely optional but pretty useful. See "Activate virtualenv" below.$ echo 'eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"' >> ~/.bash_profile
Fish shell note: Add this to your
~/.config/fish/config.fishstatus --is-interactive; and pyenv init - | source status --is-interactive; and pyenv virtualenv-init - | source
Zsh note: Modify your
~/.zshenvfile instead of~/.bash_profile.Pyenv note: You may also need to add
eval "$(pyenv init -)"to your profile if you haven't done so already. -
Restart your shell to enable pyenv-virtualenv
$ exec "$SHELL"
Installing with Homebrew (for macOS users)
macOS users can install pyenv-virtualenv with the Homebrew package manager. This will give you access to the pyenv-virtualenv command. If you have pyenv installed, you will also be able to use the pyenv virtualenv command.
This is the recommended method of installation if you installed pyenv with Homebrew.
$ brew install pyenv-virtualenv
Or, if you would like to install the latest development release:
$ brew install --HEAD pyenv-virtualenv
After installation, you'll still need to add
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
to your profile (as stated in the caveats). You'll only ever have to do this once.
Usage
Using pyenv virtualenv with pyenv
To create a virtualenv for the Python version used with pyenv, run pyenv virtualenv, specifying the Python version you want and the name of the virtualenv directory. For example,
$ pyenv virtualenv 2.7.10 my-virtual-env-2.7.10
will create a virtualenv based on Python 2.7.10 under $(pyenv root)/versions in a folder called my-virtual-env-2.7.10.
Create virtualenv from current version
If there is only one argument given to pyenv virtualenv, the virtualenv will be created with the given name based on the current pyenv Python version.
$ pyenv version
3.4.3 (set by /home/yyuu/.pyenv/version)
$ pyenv virtualenv venv34
List existing virtualenvs
pyenv virtualenvs shows you the list of existing virtualenvs and conda environments.
$ pyenv shell venv34
$ pyenv virtualenvs
miniconda3-3.9.1 (created from /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1)
miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv (created from /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1)
2.7.10/envs/my-virtual-env-2.7.10 (created from /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/2.7.10)
3.4.3/envs/venv34 (created from /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/3.4.3)
my-virtual-env-2.7.10 (created from /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/2.7.10)
* venv34 (created from /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/3.4.3)
There are two entries for each virtualenv, and the shorter one is just a symlink.
Activate virtualenv
Some external tools (e.g. jedi) might require you to activate the virtualenv and conda environments.
If eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)" is configured in your shell, pyenv-virtualenv will automatically activate/deactivate virtualenvs on entering/leaving directories which contain a .python-version file that contains the name of a valid virtual environment as shown in the output of pyenv virtualenvs (e.g., venv34 or 3.4.3/envs/venv34 in example above) . .python-version files are used by pyenv to denote local Python versions and can be created and deleted with the pyenv local command.
You can also activate and deactivate a pyenv virtualenv manually:
pyenv activate <name>
pyenv deactivate
Delete existing virtualenv
Removing the directories in $(pyenv root)/versions and $(pyenv root)/versions/{version}/envs will delete the virtualenv, or you can run:
pyenv uninstall my-virtual-env
You can also delete existing virtualenvs by using virtualenv-delete command, e.g. you can run:
pyenv virtualenv-delete my-virtual-env
This will delete virtualenv called my-virtual-env.
virtualenv and venv
There is a venv module available for CPython 3.3 and newer. It provides an executable module venv which is the successor of virtualenv and distributed by default.
pyenv-virtualenv uses python -m venv if it is available and the virtualenv command is not available.
Anaconda and Miniconda
You can manage conda environments by conda create as same manner as standard Anaconda/Miniconda installations. To use those environments, you can use pyenv activate and pyenv deactivate.
$ pyenv version
miniconda3-3.9.1 (set by /home/yyuu/.pyenv/version)
$ conda env list
# conda environments:
#
myenv /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv
root * /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1
$ pyenv activate miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv
discarding /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1/bin from PATH
prepending /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv/bin to PATH
$ python --version
Python 3.4.3 :: Continuum Analytics, Inc.
$ pyenv deactivate
discarding /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv/bin from PATH
If conda is available, pyenv virtualenv will use it to create environment by conda create.
$ pyenv version
miniconda3-3.9.1 (set by /home/yyuu/.pyenv/version)
$ pyenv virtualenv myenv2
$ conda env list
# conda environments:
#
myenv /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv
myenv /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv2
root * /home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1
You can use version like miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv to specify conda environment as a version in pyenv.
$ pyenv version
miniconda3-3.9.1 (set by /home/yyuu/.pyenv/version)
$ pyenv shell miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv
$ which python
/home/yyuu/.pyenv/versions/miniconda3-3.9.1/envs/myenv/bin/python
Special environment variables
You can set certain environment variables to control pyenv-virtualenv.
PYENV_VIRTUALENV_CACHE_PATH, if set, specifies a directory to use for caching downloaded package files.VIRTUALENV_VERSION, if set, forces pyenv-virtualenv to install the desired version of virtualenv. Ifvirtualenvhas not been installed, pyenv-virtualenv will try to install the given version of virtualenv.GET_PIP, if set andvenvis preferred overvirtualenv, useget_pip.pyfrom the specified location.GET_PIP_URL, if set andvenvis preferred overvirtualenv, downloadget_pip.pyfrom the specified URL.PIP_VERSION, if set andvenvis preferred overvirtualenv, install the specified version of pip.PYENV_VIRTUALENV_VERBOSE_ACTIVATE, if set, shows some verbose outputs on activation and deactivation
Version History
See CHANGELOG.md.
License
- Copyright (c) 2015 Yamashita, Yuu
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.