Catalog

Preface

Bitcoin mining

Mining equipment

The appearance of the ore pool  

Ore pool  

Distribution of income in the ore pool

Advantages and disadvantages of ore pool

Preface

Learn from teacher Xiao Zhen's 《 Blockchain technology and Application 》 Open class notes , For learning reference .

Bitcoin mining

Mining equipment

• Evolution of mining equipment

CPU——>GPU——>ASIC chip

• Evolution trend of mining equipment

  Mining equipment has become more and more specialized from general purpose , From general calculation CPU To general parallel computing GPU Until now, special calculation ASIC chip ,ASIC Chips are specially designed for mining , There is no redundant circuit logic , Best value for money , And in cryptocurrency mining puzzle Under different circumstances , A chip can only mine for one cryptocurrency .

When some cryptocurrencies were first issued , In order to solve the problem of starting , Will deliberately use an existing cryptocurrency mining puzzle, Like bitcoin mining puzzle, This can attract more people to mine , This situation is called merge mining.

The appearance of the ore pool  

Ore pool  

The structure of the ore pool is generally a full node, which will drive many mining machines , One pit, one owner , It's called pool manager., Other responsibilities of the whole node are undertaken by the mine owner . He is responsible for monitoring online transactions , Pack these trading organizations into blocks . There are many miners below , Responsible for calculating hash value .

Distribution of income in the ore pool

  There are generally two organizational forms of ore pools ：

One is like a large data center , All ore machines in the ore pool belong to the same mechanism , The income generated by mining is distributed internally .

The other is distributed organization , The mine owner and the miner are not in the same place , Can come from all over the world , Miners join the mine pool by contacting the mine owner through the communication protocol specified in the mine pool . The miner assigns the task of calculating the hash value , Miners calculate in the pit nonce The difficulty of value is reduced , There is no need to meet the difficulty requirements of mining , The result is a share, As proof of your workload . When the miners in the mine pit dig into a legal block , The owner of the mine will distribute the income according to the workload certificate submitted by each miner , Mine owners can charge management fees .

Advantages and disadvantages of ore pool

The advantage of the ore pool is to reduce the risk of mining , Make the income of mining relatively stable , And in the block packed by the mine owner coinbase The address in is the mine owner's own address , It also excludes the situation that miners secretly release after digging the block .

But the emergence of the ore pool has also brought some problems , The mine pool concentrates the calculation force , And the miners in the mine pool will not know the purpose of the mine owner , Gather together 51% The difficulty of calculating power is greatly reduced , If the malicious mine pool is collected 51% Calculation power , The mine pool can launch bifurcation attacks 、 Sure boycott( Blockade territory )、 It can publicly resist certain transactions and a series of things that endanger the security of bitcoin system .