当前位置：网站首页>OSPF learning notes (V) -- republish

OSPF learning notes (V) -- republish

2022-07-19 15:28:00 【Word_ Smith_】

Reissue

effect ：

In a network , If running multiple routing protocols or different processes of the same routing protocol ; The protocols cannot directly communicate with each other, including the independent forwarding and operation between processes ; Therefore, it is necessary to republish to realize the sharing of routes .

Conditions ：

1, There must be ASBR equipment --- Simultaneous connection Two kinds of Agreement or Two process ; You can learn the routing information on both sides at the same time , Then complete the route sharing .

2, We must pay attention to three measures --- A The protocol and B The measurement calculation logic between protocols is illogical , Cannot be used directly . So I will A The agreement is published to B When the agreement ,ASBR Will not carry A The protocol measures to B agreement , It's sharing to B When the agreement , from ASBR The device adds a starting metric to the route .

The rules ：

1, take A The protocol is imported into B When the agreement , Need to be in ASBR Of B Configure republication on the protocol .

2, take A The agreement is published to B When the agreement , Yes, it will ASBR On all the adopt A The agreement learned And ASBR Announced on A All direct routes of the protocol Share all to B Agreement .

Take a look at ：

Single point --- Between two protocols or two processes 1 individual ASBR equipment

Bipoint --- Between two protocols or two processes 2 individual ASBR equipment

Multipoint --- There are multiple... Between two protocols or two processes ASBR equipment

Look up ：

A one-way --- Only will A The agreement is published to B In the agreement

two-way --- A/B All routes of the protocol are shared

To configure ：

The following is an example ：

A -> B： One dynamic routing protocol is published to another dynamic routing protocol

static state -> B： Import static routes into dynamic routing protocols

Direct connection -> B： Import direct route into dynamic routing protocol

RIP

A -> B： One dynamic routing protocol is published to another dynamic routing protocol

[r2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1

Conclusion ：1, Through republishing technology, the routing information of other protocols is imported into RIP in , The default seed measure assigned to it is 0.

How to modify the seed measure ：

1, Modify the overall situation in the process ：[r2-rip-1]default-cost 2

2, Modify for this reissue ：[r2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 cost 3

Be careful ：

When the above two commands are executed at the same time , Will be in accordance with paragraph 2 strip , Match more precise commands to execute .

static state -> B： Import static routes into dynamic routing protocols

[r2-rip-1]import-route static

Conclusion ：

During the republication process, the default route will not be republished to the dynamic routing protocol .

Direct connection -> B： Import direct route into dynamic routing protocol

[r2-rip-1]import-route direct

Conclusion ：

1, except R1 Outside the direct network segment of , All direct connections will be imported

2, if ASBR the A->B Re release and direct connection ->B Retransmission of cloth , And contain the same routing information twice , Will give priority to learning direct connection -> B Re release information .

Routing feedback

Default RIP and OSPF If the agreement is reissued at two points , Because of their different priorities , So the first one ASBR After the re release of the device , Will affect other ASBR Routing table of the device . So that the route may be returned to the source protocol , happen Routing feedback --- A Reroute protocol to B After the agreement , It was republished back A agreement . Routing feedback may lead to poor routing and even the emergence of routing loops . Huawei equipment in order to eliminate the phenomenon of routing feedback , He will be OSPF The priority of internally generated routes is defined as 10, The default priority of routes imported outside the domain is defined as 150.（150 The priority of is higher than that of all Huawei systems IGP Default priority of the protocol ）. In this way, route feedback is eliminated .

Routing strategy

Due to the seed metric problem of republishing Technology , Will inevitably lead to poor route selection ; Can only rely on Routing strategy To think that interference chooses the way .

Control layer flow ：

The routing protocol transmits the traffic generated by the routing information

Data layer traffic ：

When the device accesses the target network segment , Data traffic generated

Routing strategy ：

In the process of controlling the flow of the layer , Intercept flow , Then modify the traffic and forward it or not ; The final implementation affects the generation of router routing table , The effect of interference in route selection .

1, Grab traffic

1,ACL list --- because ACL The list itself is designed to capture data layer traffic , therefore , Because of the existence of wildcards, it can flexibly match digital features , however , There is no way to match the mask characteristics in the routing information . therefore , He is not good at capturing the traffic of the control layer .

2,IP-prefix --- The prefix list

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa（ Name of the custom prefix list ） permit（ Allow and Refuse , Only crawl traffic can be selected permit） 192.168.1.0 24 --- Capture the information of the target network in the control layer traffic .

[r1]display ip ip-prefix aa --- View the prefix list information and the matching rules of the prefix list ： From top to bottom , One by one matching , Once matched, the action will be executed according to the corresponding rules , Don't match down any more . The end implicitly rejects all rules . The rule in the prefix list defaults to 10 Automatically add a sequence number to the step , Easy to insert and delete rules .

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa index 15 permit 192.168.3.0 24 --- Insert rules according to serial number

[r1]undo ip ip-prefix aa index 15 --- Delete the rule in the prefix list

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 192.168.3.0 24 less-equal 28 --- Grab the mask length and then 24 To 28 Between

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 192.168.4.0 24 greater-equal 28 --- After the current contradiction , The latter will prevail , Ahead 24 Become former 24 Is fixed , The matching mask length is greater than or equal to 28 Routing information for .

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 192.168.5.0 24 greater-equal 28 less equal 30 --- front 24 Bit fixation , The matching mask length is 28 - 30 Network segment information

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 192.168.6.0 24 greater-equal 28 less equal 28 --- front 24 Bit fixation , The matching mask length is 28 Bit network segment information

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 0.0.0.0 0 greater-equal 32 --- Match all host routes

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 0.0.0.0 0 --- Match the default

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 0.0.0.0 0 less-equal 32

2, Routing strategy

1,RIP Of merticin and merticout --- Offset list --- Only for distance vector protocol design and Application

1, Grab traffic

[r1]ip ip-prefix aa permit 23.0.0.0 24

2, Call... On the interface

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricin ip-prefix aa 10

2,filter-policy --- Filtering strategy

1, Grab traffic

[r1]ip ip-prefix bb deny 34.0.0.0 24

[r1]ip ip-prefix bb permit 0.0.0.0 0 less-equal 32

2, Called in the process

[r1-rip-1]filter-policy ip-prefix bb import GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

Be careful ：

The filtering strategy itself can be used in OSPF Used in , however , stay OSPF When used in the area , Because topology information is transmitted inside the region , therefore , Cannot call in the outgoing direction , Can only be called in the incoming direction , Influence yourself , Nor does it mean that LSA Information filtering out , Only filter the routing information when adding tables , Don't let it add a watch . When routing information is transferred between regions, you can call out of the direction .

3,route-policy --- Routing strategy

1, Grab traffic

[r2-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 1.1.1.0 0

[r2-acl-basic-2001]rule permit source 2.2.2.0 0

[r2]ip ip-prefix aa permit 3.3.3.0 24[r2]ip ip-prefix bb permit 4.4.4.0 24

2, Configure routing policies

[r2]route-policy aa deny node 10

Info: New Sequence of this List.

[r2-route-policy]

[r2-route-policy]if-match acl 2000

[r2]route-policy aa permit node 20

Info: New Sequence of this List.

[r2-route-policy]if-match acl 2001

[r2-route-policy]apply cost 10

[r2]route-policy aa permit node 30

[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix aa

[r2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1

[r2]route-policy aa permit node 40

Info: New Sequence of this List.

[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix bb

[r2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1

[r2-route-policy]apply tag 666

Be careful ：

One rule , If there are multiple apply perhaps if match, Then these needs are met at the same time , Satisfy “ And ” Relationship .

[r2]route-policy aa permit node 50 --- Allow all

1, No, if-match --- Match all

2, No, apply --- Just follow the big action

3, Call the routing policy during republishing

[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy aa

Matching rules of routing policy ： From top to bottom , One by one matching , Once matched, the action will be executed according to the corresponding rules , Don't match down any more . The end implicitly rejects all rules .ROUTE-POLICY Configuration Guide for

1, Even if a traffic needs to be rejected , When capturing traffic , Permission must also be used , Then reject in the routing policy .

2, In one rule , If there is no flow matching , Then it means that all ; If there is no APPLY（ Little affectations ）, Only follow the big action . therefore , The big action is allowed, and the empty table means that all .

原网站

版权声明
本文为[Word_ Smith_]所创，转载请带上原文链接，感谢
https://yzsam.com/2022/200/202207172331227434.html