Server knowledge (details)

1. What is a server ？

            Server is also a kind of computer , There is also an operating system , Just like their names , Provide different services to different users 、 Information 、 Information, etc. , The server is like a warehouse containing many resources , Make it more convenient for users . There are many kinds of servers ,web The server , Business server , database server .web A server is a server that provides users with access to web pages , such as ： We're using a browser to access  http://www.discuz.net When , It's actually a visit Discuz! Of web The server , Get the required forum materials and web pages from the server . Common domestic servers on the market are ： Huawei servers , Dawn server , Inspur server . There are... Abroad HP servers, etc ....

2. Composition of the server

      By processor , Memory , Hard disk , a main board , Power Supply , Fan ..... Other components

3. Server operating system

    At present, the operating system of the server can be roughly divided into two categories ：windows linux And localized operating system

(1) Windows 
   Windows Microsoft Corporation (Microsoft) Developed operating system , In the realm of servers , There are mainly Windows2000Server/Advanced Server/Data Center And Windows2003   Standard  Edition/EnterpriseEdition operating system ,Windows Its advantage is simple operation   single , because Windows Use the graphical interface to operate , Therefore, the configuration of various server software functions is simple . But its shortcomings cannot be ignored , for example ：Windows fuck   The system cost is high ; Relatively low security ; The number of visits that can be tolerated is low, and so on . 
(2) Unix 
   Unix It has a long history , Its species and branches are complex . At present, the most widely used Unix System is Linux,Linux Not issued by any company ,Linux It is jointly developed by love programs from all corners of the world and network people 、 maintain .Linux Completely free , And Windows comparison ,Linux The cost is 0. Linux In addition to the cost advantages , It also has many excellent characteristics , for example ： Extremely high performance 、 Very stable 、 Safety and so on. . at present , Most large and medium-sized   Enterprises （ Including telecommunication enterprises and Google、 Baidu 、 Sina 、 Sohu, etc ） All servers are running Unix/Linux On the system .

（3） Localized operating system

Most domestic operating systems are linux Based on the secondary development of the operating system .2014 year 4 month 8 The date of , Microsoft stopped talking about it Windows XP SP3 The operating system provides service support , This has aroused the widespread concern of the society and the vast number of users and concerns about information security . and 2020 Years of windows The termination of service support has once again promoted the development of domestic systems .