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华为路由器：多区域OSPF协议实验
2022-07-15 19:51:00 【健忘的老菜鸟】
对于新手而言，要想不迷糊，就得先把图画好。该标的都标在图上，这样才会减少出错的几率。
注意：我们给每个路由器配置一个LoopBack接口，用来做routeID.
基础配置
先安装拓扑图把IP配置好，后面我们在进行OSPF的配置。为了测试效果，我们给每个路由器上面再配置一个LoopBack
AR1
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy ar1
[ar1]int g0/0/0
[ar1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
Jul 12 2022 15:58:20-08:00 ar1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[ar1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[ar1]int lo 0
[ar1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[ar1-LoopBack0]q
AR2
[Huawei]sy ar2
[ar2]int g0/0/0
[ar2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[ar2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
Jul 12 2022 16:01:15-08:00 ar2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[ar2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[ar2]int g0/0/1
[ar2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.2 24
Jul 12 2022 16:01:45-08:00 ar2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[ar2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
AR3
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy ar3
[ar3]
[ar3]int g0/0/0
[ar3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.1.1.3 24
Jul 12 2022 16:10:30-08:00 ar3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[ar3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[ar3]int g0/0/1
[ar3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.3 24
Jul 12 2022 16:10:49-08:00 ar3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[ar3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[ar3]
[ar3]int LoopBack 0
[ar3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
[ar3-LoopBack0]q
AR4
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy ar4
[ar4]
[ar4]int g0/0/0
[ar4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.4 24
Jul 12 2022 16:17:49-08:00 ar4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[ar4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[ar4]int LoopBack 0
[ar4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[ar4-LoopBack0]q
[ar4]
[ar4]
AR5
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy ar5
[ar5]in g0/0/0
[ar5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.5 24
Jul 12 2022 16:20:30-08:00 ar5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[ar5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[ar5]int LoopBack 0
[ar5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24
[ar5-LoopBack0]q
[ar5]int LoopBack 1
[ar5-LoopBack1]ip add 8.8.8.8 24
[ar5-LoopBack1]q
[ar5]
二、OSPF的配置
配置之前我们先复习一下OSPF的语法：
ospf 1 router-id x.x.x.x #自治区域ID和router-id
area 1 #区域ID：1、0、2
network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 #宣告网段
q
AR1
[ar1]ospf router-id 1.1.1.1
[ar1-ospf-1]area 1
[ar1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
AR2
[ar2]ospf router-id 2.2.2.2
[ar2-ospf-1]area 1
[ar2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
[ar2-ospf-1]
[ar2-ospf-1]area 0
[ar2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
[ar2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[ar2-ospf-1]
AR3
[ar3]ospf router-id 3.3.3.3
[ar3-ospf-1]area 0
[ar3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255
[ar3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[ar3-ospf-1]area 2
[ar3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[ar3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
AR4
[ar4]ospf router-id 4.4.4.4
[ar4-ospf-1]area 2
[ar4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255
[ar4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
AR5
[ar5]ospf router-id 5.5.5.5
[ar5-ospf-1]area 2
[ar5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[ar5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 5.5.5.0 0.0.0.255
[ar5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[ar5-ospf-1]q
[ar5]q
三、查看OSPF
查看R1的整个路由表
<ar1>dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 16 Routes : 16
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 1.1.1.1 LoopBack0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
1.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 2 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 OSPF 10 3 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 3 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
仅查看ospf的路由
<ar1>dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 6 Routes : 6
OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 6 Routes : 6
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 2 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 OSPF 10 3 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 3 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192.168.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
查看R1邻居表
<ar1>dis ospf peer brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 2.2.2.2 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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