Bill Gates is about to withdraw from the world's rich list by donating $20billion!

Arrangement | Su mi

Produce | CSDN（ID：CSDNnews）

bill · gates , A legendary business figure 、 Famous philanthropist 、 Founder of Microsoft 、 Academician, Chinese academy of engineering （ foreign nationality ）. Over the years , bill · Gates has always been regarded as one of the most respected figures in the world , It's not just because Microsoft, founded by it, has brought great changes to the development of science and technology in the world , Also because after his retirement , Dedicated philanthropy promotes global health 、 Energy innovation 、 education 、 The improvement and development of anti-poverty and other fields .

In recent days, , bill · Gates is again Twitter Send continuous documents on , said “ Looking forward to the future , I plan to donate almost all my wealth to the foundation . I will move down , And finally withdraw from the list of the richest people in the world .”

at present , He will donate this month 200 Billion dollars to bill and Melinda · Gates Foundation （Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation）. The reason for this , bill · Gates also explained ：

Because of the recent “ Global setbacks ”, Including pandemic （COVID-9）、 Events in Ukraine , And the global climate crisis , Let many people frustrated , And doubt whether the world is destined to get worse .

But I'm still optimistic . These setbacks are 20 In the context of historical progress in , I believe everything will be possible to minimize the damage and restore the progress the world has made .

Melinda（ bill · Gates ex-wife ） With me 2000 The Gates Foundation was founded in , Because we believe that everyone should have the opportunity to live a healthy and productive life . This vision remains unchanged , But the great crisis of our time requires all of us to do more .

With the support and guidance of the board of directors , We plan to 2026 In, our expenditure will be reduced from the current annual nearly 60 Billion dollars per year 90 Billion dollars . To help achieve this spending growth , I will 200 Billion dollars was transferred to the foundation as an Endowment Fund .

I work for the foundation to help solve problems such as epidemic prevention 、 Reduce child deaths 、 Eradicate disease 、 Improve food security and climate adaptation 、 We are very proud of our role in achieving gender equality and improving educational outcomes .

Although the foundation is named after us , But basically half of our resources come from Warren · buffett . His generosity is an important reason why the foundation can achieve such an ambitious feat . I can never express my gratitude for his friendship and guidance .

Looking forward to the future , I plan to donate almost all my wealth to the foundation . I will be moved down from the list of the richest people in the world , And finally quit .

I have the obligation to return my resources to the society , And used to reduce pain and improve the way of life . I hope that other people with great wealth and privileges can also stand up at this moment .

in fact , As early as 2010 year , bill · For the first time, Gates promised to give up his property , But since then , His net worth more than doubled . According to Bloomberg billionaire index , bill · Gates' current estimated net assets are about 1140 Billion dollars , At present, it is the fourth richest person in the world , Most of his wealth is related to Microsoft stock . however , stay  7 After realizing the donation to the foundation in August , His assets are also expected to fall sharply .

「 retire after winning merit , When it's time to brush your clothes , Deep in knowledge and fame 」, It is many people in the industry who treat bill · Gates' comments . His achievements and open-minded attitude are also closely related to his own experience . Next , We will also learn about computers from the Smithsonian Institution and the National Museum of American history 、 Ministry of information and society David Allison Contrast · In an old interview by gates , Know Bill · The growth of gates , And how he founded Microsoft , Personal technical route and business thinking .

The following is the translation of the interview （ Due to space limitation , Here is an excerpt , See ：https://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/gates.htm）：

Family comparison · Gates' influence

David Allison ( hereinafter referred to as DA)： Start with your family , Share some qualities that benefit from family , These qualities later shaped your career at Microsoft .

bill · gates (BG)： My father is a lawyer , My mother is a board member of a non-profit organization , Often actively participate in business activities , For example, operation United Way Campaigns. She is the president of the University of Washington , She is also a female executive of the First Interstate Bank . As we grow up , They shared with my sister and me what they have done in the world . therefore , We always have a feeling ,“ ok , This is the governor coming for dinner , Or this is the political movement , Let's get involved .”  I escaped from the State Capitol building in Olympia, Washington , Later, I worked as a secretary in Washington, D.C. for a period of time . I understand the contract and related things , I am very interested in the business world , I have been reading relevant content . I always think ,“ What will I finally do ？”

School experience

DA： Are other people in your generation interested in this industry , Or do you find yourself very unusual in these groups ？

BG： When I went to Hubin School , I'm about 12 year . I began to study there in grade seven , This is a change for me . This is a private boys' school , Management is very strict . At first, I really didn't like this environment , But eventually I found some friends there , Some of them have the same interests as me , For example, read business and fortune magazines . We always talk about interesting companies , And let people send us their product information , And we also try to think about how business works , Especially look at the relevant situation of computer companies .

DA： The teacher's interest in you outside the course , What is the reaction ？

BG： I am free from some lessons , Especially mathematics , Because I have finished learning in advance . therefore , I have quite a lot of free time .

When I did at the mother's Club “ carry off all that one has ” After our activities , I got the money to buy the telex machine and accumulated a certain amount of money to exchange for the time to use the computer . I was very young at that time , Still in eighth grade , Some older students joined in , Act with us .

at that time , We can input the program offline on this yellow paper tape , Then put it into the card reader , Dial up to the computer , Then input the paper tape very quickly and run your program . But they （ teacher ） Not only charge for connection time , It also charges storage units and CPU The cost of time . therefore , If your program has some kind of loop , You need to spend a lot of money . therefore , We soon ran out of money from the mother's Club . This is a little embarrassing for teachers , Because only students are sitting there , Then the money was gone .

I wrote a tic-tac-toe（ Jingzi chess ） Game programs and several other basic conversion programs . It is to use BASIC Language written in GE Programs running on the system . The teacher at that time was quite dignified , Usually you should know what happened . They have no problem with it , But when the money runs out , They have to start charging us all the royalties . however , We had a student account , So my friends and I are still very active , Some even desperately want to get free computer time in some way .

We spend quite a lot of time in this special room with teletypewriter . We took over the room , Me and two others , They call this room " Telex room ". We always think of ways to get free computer time . later , Chance , We have cooperated with a local company .

The concrete is , We persuaded them , Because they are associated with DEC The company signed a contract on this mainframe computer （ In the early PDP-10, Serial number 36） Transactions , If they can find the problem with this computer , They don't have to pay rent . therefore , This company let some students , Including me , Knock on it , Try to find the error , This also seems to be a good idea . especially , Let's do this mainly in the evening , Don't waste time . therefore , We went to this company called computer center ——C-Cubed, It's in the University District , Some old people from the Academic Computing Center of the University of Washington work there .

For a few years , That's where I spent my time . I skipped PE class , Went to this computer center . Our progress is also very rapid ：BASIC、FORTRAN、LISP、PDP-10 machine language , Dig out the list of operating systems from the garbage and study these . It's really not just about finding mistakes like monkeys , But really study the code , See what's wrong .

Teachers think we are very unusual . Soon , The four of us are more addicted than the others 、 More investment , Also know it better . Here they refer to myself respectively 、 Paul · Allen （ Later, I founded Microsoft with me ）、Ric Weiland（ Early work at Microsoft ） and Kent Evans（ Died in a mountaineering accident in high school ）. The four of us became the lakeside programming group . We are hard core users .

DA： Obviously , Your extracurricular activities may be more important in your future development than what you learned in class , Or at least equally important . In the process of Education , How do you think students who are interested in technology should balance these problems . Do you think it's important to explore things alone at that age ？

BG： Self exploration is great , Because it fosters a sense of confidence and identity ,“ well , I know this very well . I know better than the teacher . Let me try , See if I can understand at the next level . Maybe I'm good at these things .” Especially on computers , If your program goes wrong , You know and start trying it , If it doesn't work , Then you fix it and try again . This is a feedback loop , Because there are many people sitting in the classroom , Maybe I don't know the subjects I'm good at or interested in . Take the initiative to try , And find out that computers are really fascinating .

I remember in Computer Center company , They hired some of the great figures of the early computer age , Include Bob Gruen、Dick Russell, A man named Weir Stanford University . These people often lend us in-depth manuals about the system , Just a few hours , Then you can take it away . therefore , We will spend hours reading carefully . From the beginning, I saw trying to figure out how computers are made , And why they are so expensive , This process is exciting . In my submission , When I was young , Compared with others around , If you master more things, it will motivate you .

DA： You mentioned , Although you work in the field of computer , But this is not your goal in College , What is your goal ？

BG： Graduated from Hubin School , I chose Harvard University from the admitted schools . There seem to be many different things here . That's true. , If I want to be a lawyer or mathematician , Harvard University has good courses to cultivate such talents . But when I got there , I think economics is very interesting . At that time, I thought I knew enough about computers , I really don't need to mix with the computer crowd there , Because they are not so interesting .

I did take some computer courses at last , But most of the work I do has nothing to do with computers . meanwhile , Paul · Allen has done almost everything with me , He also has this idea , We should be a company . Before that , He also tried to persuade me , We should set up a company , And try 8080 Chip building is similar PDP-8 The system of . But this is too vague , My parents want me to go back to school .

therefore , I still went back to school . But when I was with Paul , We always discuss ," Can we put many microprocessors together , Do something powerful ？ Can we make one with a microcontroller 360 Degree simulator ？ Can we build a time-sharing system that can dial , Get consumer information ？" At that time , There are many different ideas .

Join in PC revolution

DA： You and Paul had a lot of discussion about the future . How does this work affect your future development direction ？

BG： Paul talked about microprocessors and their development direction , So we put forward such an idea , namely Everyone has a computer as a tool in some way . Not just for business , Also for what they can use as household equipment . We know , No matter how it started , Will establish some standards around it , About how you program and so on . We hope to be a part of it , So we think this machine is just the beginning of an era . This company is bound to be a crazy company .

DA： How does your development in this area guide you and Paul to build your own company, not just for MITS（Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems, An American electronics company ） Working ？

BG： We know MITS It's just a company , We hope our software can be used on all machines . Even with MITS The original deal also talked about our ability to get paid for the licenses of other companies .

We see , When Intel is selling its chips to intelligent terminal manufacturers and other computer manufacturers , Instead of letting the company write its own BASIC, We can put our own... With less money BASIC Sell them . in fact , It only needs to be authorized . So we go around persuading people like NCR Such companies and many terminal companies .

I've never been MITS A member of the . Although Paul worked there for about 18 Months , But he later hired someone else to take over their software department . I started hiring others to form our team . in fact , Before Paul joined , We have begun to work for 6800s、6502s —— Other chips have been developed BASIC. We started FORTRAN compiler , We are also discussing with Ti to make a BASIC. At first, the situation was a little complicated , Because actually I went back to Harvard for a while , Until Paul and I worked full-time , We hired two high school friends Ric Weiland and Marc McDonald As a core team .

DA： that , You are convinced that you should set up your company to deal with various computer suppliers ？

BG： We make Microsoft an independent company . In a sense , If things don't succeed , I can go back to school at any time . I have no burden to support my family or anything , But I'm working on the payroll 、 Write a tax bill 、 Make a contract , Figure out how to price software . in fact , I pay great attention to business , So I wrote a letter about software piracy , A little complained that many people in these computer groups did not pay for their software . This also became a hot topic at that time ：“ This guy wants money , Is it fair ？ Should we pay for these things ？”MITS Is very controversial . Some people also feel that this is a kind of revenge MITS The way , And let them accept BASIC.

Microsoft is an enterprise from the beginning . It's not that we have any clear view that it will become a big enterprise , But I have to pay these friends I hired . At least , I must earn enough money to pay their wages , If I have enough confidence , We can sell more things , Then I can hire more people , To succeed , Become a leader in many products , These products can share code with each other , And occupy the market .

DA： What was the culture of early Microsoft ？

BG： I will program day after day , And tell people ,“ well , We promise to finish it in a few months , We must finish these things .”  We are very active in completing the work . Just like we promised to write one that can fit 12K Of ROM BASIC. This is very interesting. , Because at that time, I had to check all the code you made , And discuss with you what we need to do . This is just a very small group , But in the new machines in Japan and the United States , New things happen every week .

DA： Do others think the same as you ？ Do they spend as much time there as you ？

BG： Of course , Most people do . And we are all young . I may have set the most extreme example . however , Work is really interesting . We always have a deadline for final commitments , Finally, it is very challenging . This eventually becomes very challenging .

The growth and development of Microsoft

DA： First you start with language , Then expand . Can you talk about your thinking and discussion with Paul and others about what strategy Microsoft should have as a company ？

BG： We always knew that , We don't want a single product to be the dominant product . We want to hire more software people , And have a complete product line . In a sense , One of the first things we decided to do was to provide everything available on a microcomputer on a microprocessor . That's why we use COBOL、 Assembly and other languages , And all the conventional tools you expect to be able to develop local software . however , Obviously , As a separate machine , There are some things you can use , And you don't need to use it on a microcomputer or mainframe .

One of the products that really let us start doing new things is that we made a card , It uses small Z-80 Insert Apple II, This is a following 8080 Later microprocessors . It allows you to run on this very large capacity machine CP/M-80  All business applications that appear in the world . It's a huge success , Let's develop our retail group , Even go out and authorize some products , Such as flight simulators and many other products , It defines a new way for us .

We never think we are limited , Just like what kind of software we want to make . As long as it's software , Developing talents is the key to doing it well . and , It can be sold in fairly high quantities , At that time , This is far from the situation today . We think this may be a good product for Microsoft .

DA： There are twoorthree things that can explain the way Microsoft uses computer software ？

BG： For us , The key is ：

First of all , Have been hiring very smart people . In terms of IQ , When you choose people who are worth writing software , Must be very elite , There's no way .95％ People should not write complex software . Using small teams helps a lot .

second , You have to provide these small teams with good tools . therefore , Choose excellent people , Use small teams , Give them excellent tools ; Huge compilation 、 debugging 、 A lot of machines 、 Analytical techniques , So they are very efficient in what they do . Make them very clear what they can do to change the specification . Make them feel that they can control it to a large extent .

Third , Let a lot of people read the code . Design speed from the beginning , Many things help us , Even if the project team becomes larger , The company has also become much larger than before . This is not some methodology , There are many interesting documents . The source code itself is where you should put all your ideas , Not in anything else . therefore , Our source code , Despite some exceptions , But it is often annotated in a very structured way .

The future of computing

DA： You mentioned that every family should have one on the table PC, But I also said “ This is just the beginning ”. Review the past 20 In terms of the vision you have been adhering to throughout the year , What do you think will happen in the future ？

BG：PC Will continue to develop . in fact , You'll think it's just a flat screen , But it will also range from wallet sized devices to notebooks 、 desktop 、 The wall . In addition to the size of the screen , The only other feature will be that it will operate through optical cable connection or wireless connection , Eventually these computers will be everywhere . You can find other people who have a common topic 、 Release the news 、 Watch the program , This will bring incredible flexibility . There has been a heated discussion about this so-called " information superhighway ", This is the idea of connecting these devices , Not only in enterprises , And at home , And ensure that these new networks, such as video transmission, can work very well .

So we just walked a short way . We haven't changed the way the market is organized , Nor has it changed the way people educate themselves , Or socialization , Or express their political views , It's almost our way in the next ten years . therefore , Software will have to lead the trend , And provide the ease of use required by these applications 、 Security and richness .

DA： Talking about some major changes , Is there anything you think is terrible , It's also exciting ？

BG： If you look far enough , Computers will eventually learn to reason in the same way as humans , That is to say “ Artificial intelligence ”. If you go far enough , You can imagine an evolution , Essentially , Turn to silicon-based life and carbon based life , Play a more limited role than today .

Now? , in some ways , Perhaps only through the sequencing and understanding of the human genome and the cross effect of our evolutionary learning technology , Then map these into a matrix that will have better execution , in other words , Instead of chemical transport , High speed electronics perform some of the same algorithms , There will be progress . therefore , This may be a bit scary . in the meantime , There is also a very long time , The computer will be a great tool , It is a very capable tool , There's a lot of interesting work to do .

source ：https://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/gates.htm

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