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Qt（五）元对象特性
2022-07-15 18:00:00 【51CTO】
文章目录
一、UI设计
新建项目，主要选项如下图：一个QWidget，带ui文件，并初步Ui设计
拖动组件：QLable,QPushButton,QSpinBox,QPlainTextEdit。
详情ui文件
<?xml
version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<
ui
version=
"4.0"
>
<
class
>Widget
</
class
>
<
widget
class=
"QWidget"
name=
"Widget"
>
<
property
name=
"geometry"
>
<
rect
>
<
x
>0
</
x
>
<
y
>0
</
y
>
<
width
>534
</
width
>
<
height
>388
</
height
>
</
rect
>
</
property
>
<
property
name=
"windowTitle"
>
<
string
>Widget
</
string
>
</
property
>
<
layout
class=
"QGridLayout"
name=
"gridLayout_2"
>
<
item
row=
"0"
column=
"0"
>
<
layout
class=
"QGridLayout"
name=
"gridLayout"
>
<
item
row=
"0"
column=
"0"
>
<
widget
class=
"QLabel"
name=
"label"
>
<
property
name=
"text"
>
<
string
>设置男孩年龄
</
string
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"0"
column=
"1"
>
<
widget
class=
"QSpinBox"
name=
"spinBoxBoy"
>
<
property
name=
"value"
>
<
number
>10
</
number
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"0"
column=
"2"
>
<
widget
class=
"QPushButton"
name=
"pushButtonBoyUp"
>
<
property
name=
"text"
>
<
string
>boy_up_age
</
string
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"0"
column=
"3"
>
<
widget
class=
"QPushButton"
name=
"pushButtonMetaInfo"
>
<
property
name=
"text"
>
<
string
>类的元对象信息
</
string
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"1"
column=
"0"
>
<
widget
class=
"QLabel"
name=
"label_2"
>
<
property
name=
"text"
>
<
string
>设置女孩年龄
</
string
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"1"
column=
"1"
>
<
widget
class=
"QSpinBox"
name=
"spinBoxGirl"
>
<
property
name=
"value"
>
<
number
>5
</
number
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"1"
column=
"2"
>
<
widget
class=
"QPushButton"
name=
"pushButtonGirlUp"
>
<
property
name=
"text"
>
<
string
>girl_up_age
</
string
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"1"
column=
"3"
>
<
widget
class=
"QPushButton"
name=
"pushButtonClear"
>
<
property
name=
"text"
>
<
string
>清空对话框
</
string
>
</
property
>
</
widget
>
</
item
>
</
layout
>
</
item
>
<
item
row=
"1"
column=
"0"
>
<
widget
class=
"QPlainTextEdit"
name=
"txtEdit"
/>
</
item
>
</
layout
>
</
widget
>
<
resources
/>
<
connections
>
<
connection
>
<
sender
>pushButtonClear
</
sender
>
<
signal
>clicked()
</
signal
>
<
receiver
>txtEdit
</
receiver
>
<
slot
>clear()
</
slot
>
<
hints
>
<
hint
type=
"sourcelabel"
>
<
x
>461
</
x
>
<
y
>57
</
y
>
</
hint
>
<
hint
type=
"destinationlabel"
>
<
x
>266
</
x
>
<
y
>228
</
y
>
</
hint
>
</
hints
>
</
connection
>
</
connections
>
</
ui
>
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二、代码开发
新建类QPerson
qperson.h
#ifndef QPERSON_H
#define QPERSON_H
#include <QObject>
class
QPerson :
public
QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
Q_CLASSINFO(
"author",
"wsp_1138886114")
Q_CLASSINFO(
"company",
"SH")
Q_CLASSINFO(
"version",
"1.0")
Q_PROPERTY(
unsigned
age
READ
age
WRITE
setAge
NOTIFY
ageChanged)
Q_PROPERTY(
QString
name
MEMBER
m_name)
Q_PROPERTY(
int
score
MEMBER
m_score)
private:
unsigned
m_age
=
10;
QString
m_name;
int
m_score
=
79;
public:
explicit
QPerson(
QString
name,
QObject
*
parent
=
nullptr);
unsigned
age();
void
setAge(
unsigned
value);
void
ageInc();
signals:
void
ageChanged(
unsigned
value);
};
#endif
// QPERSON_H
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qperson.cpp
#include "qperson.h"
QPerson::QPerson(
QString
name,
QObject
*
parent) :
QObject(
parent)
{
m_name
=
name;
}
unsigned
QPerson::age()
{
return
m_age;
}
void
QPerson::setAge(
unsigned
value)
{
m_age
=
value;
emit(
ageChanged(
m_age));
}
void
QPerson::ageInc()
{
m_age
++;
emit(
ageChanged(
m_age));
}
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widget.h
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include "qperson.h"
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace
Ui {
class
Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class
Widget :
public
QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
private:
QPerson
*
boy;
QPerson
*
girl;
public:
Widget(
QWidget
*
parent
=
nullptr);
~Widget();
private:
Ui::Widget
*
ui;
void
on_ageChanged(
unsigned
value);
private
slots:
void
on_pushButtonBoyUp_clicked();
void
on_pushButtonGirlUp_clicked();
void
on_pushButtonMetaInfo_clicked();
void
on_spin_valueChanged(
int
arg1);
};
#endif
// WIDGET_H
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widget.cpp
#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QMetaProperty>
Widget::Widget(
QWidget
*
parent)
:
QWidget(
parent)
,
ui(
new
Ui::Widget)
{
ui
->
setupUi(
this);
ui
->
spinBoxBoy
->
setProperty(
"isBoy",
true);
ui
->
spinBoxGirl
->
setProperty(
"isBoy",
false);
boy
=
new
QPerson(
"小明");
boy
->
setProperty(
"score",
95);
boy
->
setProperty(
"age",
10);
boy
->
setProperty(
"sex",
"Boy");
connect(
boy,
&
QPerson::ageChanged,
this,
&
Widget::on_ageChanged);
girl
=
new
QPerson(
"小花");
girl
->
setProperty(
"score",
99);
girl
->
setProperty(
"age",
9);
girl
->
setProperty(
"sex",
"girl");
connect(
girl,
&
QPerson::ageChanged,
this,
&
Widget::on_ageChanged);
connect(
ui
->
spinBoxBoy,
SIGNAL(
valueChanged(
int)),
this,
SLOT(
on_spin_valueChanged(
int)));
connect(
ui
->
spinBoxGirl,
SIGNAL(
valueChanged(
int)),
this,
SLOT(
on_spin_valueChanged(
int)));
}
Widget::~Widget()
{
delete
ui;
}
void
Widget::on_ageChanged(
unsigned
value)
{
Q_UNUSED(
value)
QPerson
*
aPerson
=
qobject_cast
<
QPerson
*>(
sender());
QString
aName
=
aPerson
->
property(
"name").
toString();
QString
aSex
=
aPerson
->
property(
"sex").
toString();
unsigned
aAge
=
aPerson
->
age();
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
aName
+
","
+
aSex
+
QString::asprintf(
" 年龄=%d",
aAge));
}
void
Widget::on_spin_valueChanged(
int
arg1)
{
Q_UNUSED(
arg1)
QSpinBox
*
spinBox
=
qobject_cast
<
QSpinBox
*>(
sender());
if (
spinBox
->
property(
"isBoy").
toBool())
boy
->
setAge(
spinBox
->
value());
else
girl
->
setAge(
spinBox
->
value());
}
void
Widget::on_pushButtonBoyUp_clicked()
{
boy
->
ageInc();
}
void
Widget::on_pushButtonGirlUp_clicked()
{
girl
->
ageInc();
}
void
Widget::on_pushButtonMetaInfo_clicked()
{
const
QMetaObject
*
meta
=
girl
->
metaObject();
ui
->
txtEdit
->
clear();
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
"===元对象信息====\n");
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
QString(
"类名称：%1\n").
arg(
meta
->
className()));
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
"property");
for (
int
i
=
meta
->
propertyOffset();
i
<
meta
->
propertyCount();
i
++) {
QMetaProperty
prop
=
meta
->
property(
i);
const
char
*
propName
=
prop.
name();
QString
propValue
=
boy
->
property(
propName).
toString();
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
QString(
"属性名称：%1、属性值 %2").
arg(
propName).
arg(
propValue));
}
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
"");
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
"classInfo");
for (
int
i
=
meta
->
classInfoOffset();
i
<
meta
->
classInfoCount();
i
++) {
QMetaClassInfo
classinfo
=
meta
->
classInfo(
i);
ui
->
txtEdit
->
appendPlainText(
QString(
"name=%1, value=%2").
arg(
classinfo.
name()).
arg(
classinfo.
value()));
}
}
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main.cpp
三、演示
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