Advanced testers must see: basic knowledge of automated testing

The concept of automated testing

1、 First , What is automated testing ？

Automated testing is a process that transforms human driven testing behavior into machine execution .

2、 What are the main types of automated testing ？

Automated testing is generally divided into three types ：

Unit automation testing

Interface automation testing

UI automated testing

The unit automation test is generally carried out by the R & D personnel , The tester mainly carries out interface and test UI Automated testing , But because of UI The demand for is changing frequently , So interface testing is what testers do most

3、 What are the patterns of automated test framework design ？

The patterns of automatic test framework design mainly include 4 Kind of ：

Distributed

It means that the test requires multi-threaded or multi process testing on multiple computers , This mode is mainly used for large test cases. The commonly used tools are grid

Data driven mode

It refers to the separation of the test program from the data required for the test , Call the required data directly every time you test the program

Keyword driven mode

The mode mainly starts from who to do , How do you do it? , What to do is to derive from three elements , Just call the key function at a time , Even people who don't understand code can write . Now there are many automated testing tools , for example KAMA That's it , Testers only need to understand the logic of the test function and can write automatic test scripts by calling the internal functions of the tool

Hybrid mode

It refers to a mode using two or more of the above methods

02 Advantages and disadvantages of automated testing

1、 Advantages and disadvantages of automated testing

It mainly has the following advantages ：

Regression testing is more convenient and reliable , Can run more 、 More cumbersome testing , And fast and efficient

Some manual tests can be executed, which are quite difficult or impossible , Such as a large number of concurrent users

Can make better use of resources , It has the characteristics of consistency and repeatability , Automated test scripts are completely reusable

Enhance the credibility of the software

It can be tested in multiple environments

The disadvantages of automated testing ：

It can never completely replace manual testing . Automated testing cannot achieve the coverage of manual testing , Not every test case is suitable for Automation .

Found by manual testing bug Far more than automated testing

Automated testing is almost impossible to find new bug Of , The biggest use is to return to , Make sure you've been bug It doesn't reappear in the new version .

Automated test tools are rigid , Less flexibility . The effect of automated testing is good or bad , It's up to the test engineer .

High cost investment , High risk . High technical requirements for testers , It is also high for testing tools .

Test cases need to be updated according to version iterations , There is a certain maintenance cost

The output value of automated testing often lies in long-term regression testing , The role may not be obvious in the short term .

2、 Use scenarios

Suitable for the introduction of automated testing

regression testing , Repeated single data entry or keystroke and other test operations result in unnecessary waste of time and manpower

In addition, testers' understanding of programs and verification of design documents usually also rely on test automation tools

The use of automated testing tools is conducive to the generation of test report documents and the consistency of versions

Automation tools can determine the coverage path of test cases , Determine the coverage of test case set to program logic flow and control flow

Long project cycle , The system version is constantly changing , And requirements don't change frequently

The test object of the system can be identified normally , And whether it can provide a solution for unrecognized controls

There are not a lot of unrecognized third-party controls in the system

It needs to be tested over and over again , Such as reliability test 、 Regression testing requires thousands of system tests

Not suitable for automated testing

The project cycle is short , Requirements change frequently . Even projects with long cycles , If requirements change frequently , Nor is it suitable for automated testing

The software version is not stable , When the main function or a large number of functions may be changed again , Nor is it suitable for automated testing

There is no clear project plan for automated testing 、 Measures and management

Most objects are unrecognized , And script maintenance in frequent and difficult situations , Test automation is not recommended

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